The Lowland Soil Rehabilitation Project (LSRP) is part of the Global Programme Soil Protection and Rehabilitation for Food Security under the core area 'A life without hunger – Transformation of Agri-food systems' of the German Federal Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).

Aligned with this mission, LSRP focuses on agroecological approaches to achieve sustainable, climate-smart soil conservation and rehabilitation in the Ethiopian lowlands. 

The LSRP operates in eight woredas in the Afar region, one woreda in Oromia and provides training and backstopping for all woredas in the Somali region.

Dear food and soil enthusiasts,

“You are what you eat” is a saying that comes with a true essence: How and what you eat has great impact on your daily life. Why not try and make your diet as good as possible? There are so many reasons to care about food: it nourishes body and soul, has the power to connect and inspire us and is often at the very heart of culture and social life.

Yet long before preparing our meals, the foundation for healthy food can be found in the ground,
to be exact in our soils, since they provide the basis for over 95 per cent of our food. This makes soils a vital part of our food system. However, they are under threat: On a global scale, more and more soils face degradation. And while the amount of land available for agriculture is shrinking, the number of people who need to be fed and well-nourished is growing.

To protect our soils and ensure food security we need innovative tools. This is where the Global Programme “Soil Protection and Rehabilitation for Food Security” (ProSoil) implemented by
the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH steps in. Commissioned by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and co-funded by the European Union (EU), ProSoil supports local, national and international partners in imple- menting and exchanging knowledge on agroecological soil protection and rehabilitation measures tobuild resilience against multiple crises and ensure food security. This applies in particular to the EU-cofunded part of ProSoil “Enhancing soils and agroecology for resilient agricultural and food systems in Sub-Saharan Arica” (ProSilience). This cookbook is our way of sharing this knowledge with you. We invite you to flip through the pages and try some of our delicious recipes from all around
the world.

This brief, authored by Applied Microbiology International, emphasises the need to foster effective communication across the soil stakeholder spectrum to build the trust and open-mindedness to risk that is necessary for enabling wide-scale, lasting change.

The teams at International Biochar Initiative and HAMERKOP have been hard at work updating the guide with the latest information on the carbon removal market, standards and methodologies, and more since the first edition was released in 2024.

The digital guide provides a roadmap for biochar producers, investors, and stakeholders keen on understanding the intricacies of biochar carbon removal certification. Readers gain a clear overview of the various methodologies established by leading certification standards, with the goal of offering practical insights and comparisons to assist producers and investors in selecting the most appropriate approach for their specific biochar projects.

Some of the main 2025 updates include: 

• A new and improved section covering MRV, permanence, and more 

• Updated pricing information for each biochar certification standard and detailed step-by-step guides to help you choose the right methodology for your project

• An addition of the Isometric biochar methodology to the overall matrix 

ISFM significantly increases farm income, with an average net income increase of 80%, and wheat being the most profitable crop. However, income variability persists as some farmers face low or negative net return when labour costs are accounted for. Adoption is also hindered by limited input access, credit constraints and labour shortage. Methodological limitations, including data issues and spillover effects, suggest caution in generalizing findings. Further research is needed to refine insights in regional and crop-specific dynamics. The findings highlight ISFM’s significant impact on smallholder income, reinforcing its potential for sustainable agricultural development in the Ethiopian highlands.

The local government's efforts in the Amhara region to combat land degradation and food insecurity are commendable, especially with the positive outcomes seen in rehabilitated lands and increased agricultural productivity. However, the challenges you've highlighted regarding the government's top-down approach are significant. The high staff turnover, understaffing, and limited functionality of key committees hinder effective project management and slow down implementation. Moreover, issues with the delivery of inputs, as well as reduced community participation and ownership, raise important questions about transparency and accountability.

In the Tigray region of Ethiopia, agriculture is transformed through small-scale mechanization. In the Emba Alaje district, the Dellet Agricultural Mechanization Youth Group has been providing Mechanization services with twowheel tractors to the local community. Since 2021, the group has been supported by the Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project and CIMMYT through trainings and the provision of accessories for their tractors. By modernizing traditional farming methods, which relied on animal and human power, they help local farmers increase productivity, reduce labour, and adapt to climate change. This shift not only boosts agricultural output but also contributes to higher incomes and better livelihoods for smallholder farmers in the region.

Agriculture is the primary economic activity in Ethiopia, with the majority of the population engaged in farming. However, food security remains a significant challenge, largely due to issues such as soil degradation and low fertility. Addressing soil fertility is essential for improving the livelihoods of Ethiopian farmers.To tackle this issue, the Integrated Soil Fertility Management (ISFM+) project promotes a set of integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) technologies and emphasizes peer learning and participatory approaches to enhance the effectiveness of these interventions. This report presents the findings of a 2024 survey aimed at tracking the dissemination, application, and adoption of ISFM technologies by smallholder farmers in the project’s intervention areas.

The Integrated Soil Fertility Management project (ISFM+) is part of the Special Initiative ‘’Transformation of Agricultural and Food Systems’’ of the German Government. The project aims at improving soil fertility and productivity in the Highland regions of Ethiopia (Amhara, Oromia, Tigray, Sidama, Southern and Central-Ethiopia) through promoting integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) technologies.

➢ Local production of stoves and fuel started

➢ Fuel from waste and sustainably grown wood from agroforestry plantations

➢ Establishment of 4 workshops per year

➢ 50 jobs per workshop

➢ biochar from households is used for biochar-compost production (carbon removal)

Women suffer disproportionally from time poverty, often spending 16 h a day working. This severely limits their possibilities to participate in capacity building (reach) or to implement measures (benefit) as well as their ability to participate and advocate in decision-making processes (empower).

An anthropological study revealed that farm work such as planting, processing, threshing/shelling and weeding consume much of their time. Also fetching water is a huge challenge. Women headed households are also unable to plough their fields without support by male relative and are therefore often disowned of their property or its economic use. Moreover, unequal access to resources exacerbates these challenges, hindering women from realizing their full potential in the agricultural sector.

Some of these constrains can be addressed by the broad deployment of small-scale mechanization options. Two-wheel tractors operated by local service providers have been shown to be in great demand especially by women.

Le guide méthodologique fournit un aperçu des analyses économiques et environnementales les plus récentes, répondant au besoin de ProSol et pertinents pour des contextes de développement plus larges. Il explique les méthodologies proposées, leurs indicateurs et résultats clés ainsi que les besoins en données et fournit des informations sur le contexte d’application. Le guide comprend également des conseils et des astuces sur ce qu’il faut prendre en compte avant d’entreprendre une étude. Des idées pratiques sur la façon d’impliquer les parties prenantes concernées dans les différentes étapes d’une analyse permettent d’adapter les études aux besoins du groupe cible et d’assurer que les résultats sont utiles aux parties prenantes. Grâce à ce produit, les collègues des pays partenaires de ProSol devraient être en mesure d’identifier leurs principales questions de recherche et le but de telles analyses, et de formuler à l’avance le type de résultats qu’ils souhaiteraient obtenir. Ils devraient avoir une compréhension de base des méthodologies d’analyse économique et écologique existantes et savoir quelle méthodologie pourrait convenir à leurs besoins spécifiques. Ils devraient se sentir en mesure de monter un dossier d’analyse et lancer un appel d’offres et sélectionner un partenaire de recherche compétent pour éventuellement se lancer dans une étude personnalisée.

Since 2015, ProSoil has been empowering communities to address environmental and food-security challenges by implementing interventions, such as agroforestry, conservation agriculture, soil and water management, integrated pest management, and policy advice. Through effective collaboration with smallholder farmers, experts and decision makers, ProSoil has fostered a landscape transition towards sustainable farming practices. TAPE results from 120 farms that actively participated in ProSoil activities were compared with 120 farms that had not participated in ProSoil activities. To specifically assess the contribution of agroecology to improved soil health within ProSoil farms, as opposed to the comparison farms, TAPE was complemented with the Land Degradation Surveillance Framework (LDSF) methodology to gain more detailed insights into the contribution of agroecological integration to physiochemical soil characteristics.

Environmental deterioration, ill health, and premature mortality are interrelated, and all are significantly influenced by global food systems. Currently, there is growing interest in switching to a sustainable system that ensures the production of diversified food products while ensuring the regenerative use of natural resources and addressing societal needs. Agroecology – a transdisciplinary approach simultaneously applying ecological and social concepts and promoting sustainable agriculture and food systems – addresses these needs and has therefore received global attention. In widely promoting agroecology, there is also a need to assess its level of integration and effectiveness. To this end, the Tool for Agroecology Performance Evaluation (TAPE) – a global analytical framework developed with contributions from numerous international organizations and with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) serving as the host – is widely employed to assess the multidimensional performance of agroecology and to generate evidence.

Snapshot of content in technology profiles as related to potential for sustainable intensification, enhanced profitability, emission reduction, and policy mechanisms to promote access and use.

As agroecology is increasingly viewed as a promising approach to render agricultural and food systems more sustainable, there is growing interest in assessing both the level of agroecological integration and the contribution of agroecology to achieving societal goals. To address both points of interest, the FAO’s Tool for Agroecology Performance Evaluation (TAPE) was applied in the context of the Global Programme “Soil Protection and Rehabilitation for Food Security” (ProSoil) in three Kenyan counties (Bungoma, Kakamega and Siaya). Since 2015, ProSoil has been building community capacity to implement agroecological farming practices. The application of TAPE aimed at assessing the degree to which ProSoil’s interventions contributed to agroecological transitions among beneficiary households, and how the degree of agroecological integration correlates with multidimensional performance. TAPE results from 101 farms that have actively participated in ProSoil activities were compared with 100 farms that had not actively participated in ProSoil activities, serving as a comparison group. These comparison farms were selected from households targeted for the DeSIRA (EU initiative “Development Smart Innovation through Research in Agriculture”) project “Enhancing soils and agroecology for resilient agri-food systems in Sub-Saharan Africa” (ProSilience), co-funded by the EU and BMZ and embedded within ProSoil.

Cette compilation de données économiques examine les études et les rapports sur les activités de ProSol qui ont été menées entre 2014 et 2023, dont beaucoup ont été réalisées en partenariat avec l’Initiative sur l’économie de la dégradation des terres (ELD) (www.eld-initiative.org). Elles ont été analysées en fonction de leurs avantages sociaux, environnementaux et économiques.

The Agroecology Leadership Academy is conducted with financial support from the European Union (EU) as part of the EU co-funded Action “ProSilience: Enhancing soils and agroecology for resilient agrifood systems in Sub-Saharan Africa”. ProSilience is integrated into the Global Programme “Soil Protection and Rehabilitation for Food Security” (ProSoil) commissioned by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) and implemented by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, As a core part of the Academy, the country teams from the seven countries were supported to put transformation initiatives into actions. Within a few months, the participants catalyzed effective action by advancing national policies, bringing a wide range of stakeholders together, spreading hands-on knowledge and developing innovative media products.

This document summarizes Lessons Learnt on the base of internal reflection and harvesting workshops, a meeting with country facilitators, a survey by participants and focus group interviews with participants. It aims to openly share experiences with other practitioners interested in setting up similar programmes.

The Measuring Agroecology and its Performance (MAP) project is a collaborative initiative of the Agroecology TPP aimed at fostering agroecological transitions by generating evidence of agroecology’s contribution to societal goals. The MAP project is funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), co-funded by the European Union (EU) and supported by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. The Tool for Agroecology Performance Evaluation (TAPE) was applied in 2024 in three Ethiopian districts (Hula, Sodo-Zuria and Walmara) in the context of the Global Programme “Soil Protection and Rehabilitation for Food Security” (ProSoil), operating as ISFM+ in Ethiopia. To assess the contribution of ProSoil to agroecological transitions of farmers and their multidimensional performance, TAPE was applied with 99 households that actively participated in ProSoil activities (ProSoil group) and with 99 households that had not actively participated in the programme (comparison group).

The Measuring Agroecology and its Performance (MAP) project is a collaborative initiative of the Agroecology TPP aimed at fostering agroecological transitions by generating evidence of agroecology’s contribution to societal goals. The MAP project is funded by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), co-funded by the European Union (EU) and supported by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. The Tool for Agroecology Performance Evaluation (TAPE) was applied in 2024 in four municipalities (Za-Kpota, Bantè, Sinendé and Kandi) in Benin in the context of the Global Programme “Soil Protection and Rehabilitation for Food Security” (ProSoil). To assess the contribution of ProSoil to agroecological transitions of farmers and their multidimensional performance, TAPE was applied with 120 households that actively participated in ProSoil activities (ProSoil group) and with 120 households that had not actively participated in the programme (comparison group).