In India more than 54 million metric tons (MT) of municipal solid waste are generated every year of which 50% is organic. Without treatment, organic waste, containing valuable nutrients and carbon originating in agricultural fields, accumulates in urban environments. This loss of nutrients from rural agricultural landscapes contributes to its degradation. There is a potential to recycle urban organic waste into compost and other soil enhancing products to return nutrients and carbon back to the soils.

Almost 40% of India (147 million hectares) is affected by land degradation, and 3.7 million hectares suffer from depletion of soil organic matter and nutrients. The major drivers of land degradation are agricultural practices, improper irrigation, cultivation in vulnerable or low potential land, and overuse of agro-chemicals.

In India more than 54 million metric tons (MT) of municipal solid waste are generated every year of which 50% is organic. Without treatment, organic waste, containing valuable nutrients and carbon originating in agricultural fields, accumulates in urban environments. This loss of nutrients from rural agricultural landscapes contributes to its degradation. There is a potential to recycle urban organic waste into compost and other soil enhancing products to return nutrients and carbon back to the soils.

The Indo-German development cooperation project ‘Soil Protection and Rehabilitation of degraded soil for food security in India (ProSoil)” is implemented by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) in partnership with the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD). The project is part of a larger global programme under BMZ’s Special Initiative “Transformation of Agricultural and Food Systems”. The project is implemented in the Indian states of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, and works with local implementation and mainstreaming partners.

One of the initiatives under the project is establishing a business model for compost manufactured using organic waste matter from urban centres. This compost can then be employed for rural agricultural fields, thereby closing the urban-rural nutrient loop.

This detailed project report presents an urban compost business model from the district of Jalna in Maharashtra. Here, the project’s NGO partner Watershed Organisation Trust (WOTR) worked with the Krishiyug Farmer Producer Company (FPC) in establishing supply chains and sales of city compost.

Indo-German development cooperation project ‘Soil Protection and Rehabilitation of Degraded Soil for Food Security in India (ProSoil) is implemented by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) in partnership with the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD). The project is part of a larger global programme under BMZ’s Special Initiative “Transformation of Agricultural and Food Systems”. Under this project, GIZ India in collaboration with BAIF Development Research Foundation, is supporting an initiative in the Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra to prepare an organic manure called Bio-PROM using residue from biogas plants.

Bio-PROM can generally be produced using different sources like organic manure, plant-based biomass, de-oiled cakes, potassium hummate, to name a few.